Impact of Body Dysmorphic Disorder on Suicidal Risks among Young Adults in Mehsana District: A Comparative Study

Abstract Background Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a chronic mental condition characterized by an obsessive focus on perceived flaws in physical appearance, leading to significant distress and impairment in social, occupational, and other areas of functioning. This study aims to explore the prevalence of BDD among young adults in the Mehsana district, India, and its association with suicidal ideation and behaviours, considering the influence of social media. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 342 young adults aged 17 to 25 years, equally divided between college-going and non-college-going participants. Data were collected using a self-administered Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ) based on DSM-IV criteria and supplemented by qualitative interviews. The study employed both quantitative (descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, correlation analysis, and t-tests) and qualitative (thematic analysis) methods to assess the prevalence of BDD, its impact on daily life, social interactions, and the role of social media. Results The prevalence of BDD was found to be 9.36% among college-going and 15.79% among non-college-going young adults. Significant associations were observed between gender and appearance-related anxiety, with females reporting higher distress levels. BDD was associated with increased mental distress, suicidal ideation, and significant social impairment, including avoidance of social activities and problems in academic and occupational settings. Thematic analysis revealed the profound impact of social media on exacerbating BDD symptoms and influencing body image perceptions. Conclusions The study highlights the substantial burden of BDD on mental health and social functioning among young adults in Mehsana. The findings underscore the urgent need for early identification, culturally sensitive interventions, and integrated treatment approaches to address BDD. Emphasizing the role of social media in shaping body image concerns, the study recommends leveraging digital platforms for positive interventions and promoting body positivity. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to understand the progression of BDD and the long-term effectiveness of various treatments.