The article examines the features of the historical development of architecture and ergonomics of medical and rehabilitation centers (MRCs). A retrospective analysis of the formation of these objects in different historical periods was conducted. From ancient temple complexes and monastery hospitals to modern high-tech medical and rehabilitation centers. The periods of the development of MRCs were identified: Ancient Time (asclepions, valetudinarian) – a combination of medicine with cult practices, formation of the first complexes for treatment and rehabilitation, based on religious and natural principles, architecture is oriented towards open spaces, thermal waters, natural landscapes; Middle Ages (monastery hospitals, bimaristans) – large multifunctional premises without clear zoning, monastery hospitals as the basis of medieval medical care, architecture is based on closed complexes with courtyards; Renaissance (hospitals) – zoning according to the disease profile, recreational areas, the combination of functionality and aesthetics in hospital architecture, rational planning, symmetry, spacious wards, sanitary and division of patients by disease categories; Classicism (hospital complexes) – improved ventilation and insolation, large recreational areas, large hospital complexes with a symmetrical layout using natural factors, hygiene, isolation of infectious patients; New time (sanatoriums) - the introduction of ergonomic solutions in the zoning of medical spaces, transition from the pavilion system to large monoblock hospitals, treatment of tuberculosis, hydrotherapy, climatotherapy, etc.; Modern time (modern MRCs) – technological integration, biophilic design, multidisciplinary spaces for personalized rehabilitation, sustainable design, human-centric approach and environmental friendliness, smart technologies, robotic systems in rehabilitation. Inclusivity, barrier-free, intelligent beds, robotic rehabilitation chairs, etc. It was found that the evolution of ergonomic solutions influenced the functional zoning and architectural solutions of MRCs: the evolution of wards from collective to personalized; the formation of specialized zones (rehabilitation, physiotherapy, manipulation rooms) – functional zoning, standardization and rationality; technological change of the concept of static hospital spaces to adaptive environments, mobile furniture, etc.
Veligotska et al. (Fri,) studied this question.