Statistical analysis using ChatGPT in medical research

This study aimed to explore the utility of chat generative pre-trained transformer (ChatGPT) in streamlining statistical analyses within medical research, evaluating its capabilities in data management, exploratory data analysis (EDA), statistical test selection, and result interpretation. It also addresses the critical need for appropriate disclosures and ethical considerations when integrating artificial intelligence (AI) tools into a scientific workflow. We review the current landscape of AI adoption in medical research, focusing on the role of ChatGPT in statistical analysis. Practical examples from lecture materials demonstrate its application in generating virtual datasets, performing data cleaning, conducting EDA, and assisting in the selection of appropriate statistical tests. Furthermore, guidelines for transparently disclosing AI tool usage in scientific manuscripts in accordance with the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors recommendations are discussed. ChatGPT demonstrates significant potential for accelerating various stages of statistical analysis, from initial data preparation to the interpretation of results. Its ability to rapidly generate virtual data for practice, assist in comprehensive data cleaning, and provide immediate insights through EDA can substantially enhance research efficiency. Although capable of suggesting statistical methods and interpreting outputs, human intervention remains crucial for verifying assumptions and ensuring calculation accuracy. ChatGPT can serve as a powerful assistant in medical statistical analyses, enabling researchers to conduct analyses more efficiently. However, its use requires careful data preprocessing, human verification of results, and transparent reporting to maintain scientific rigor and reproducibility. Adherence to ethical guidelines and journal policies regarding AI tool disclosure is paramount.