Morality as the Basis of the “Soil” of F.M. Dostoevsky’s Novel “The Brothers Karamazov”

This paper analyzes the theme of morality as the bedrock of F.M. Dostoevsky’s oeuvre, with a specific focus on its manifestation within the novel “The Brothers Karamazov”. The study examines the portrayals of the central characters, encompassing the father of the family, four brothers and two female characters. The causality be-tween the inner content of the heroes of the novel and their external data is traced. The analysis of the moral component required an appeal to the theme of spirituality, which appears along with the declared central theme in the novel “The Brothers Karamazov”. The tasks set determined the use of the following research methods: hermeneutic, contextual, comparative. A separate analysis of the Gospel epigraph to the novel, which is the “key” to unraveling the leitmotif of the entire work, was carried out. The heroes are divided into positive and negative, but the duality inherent in almost every hero is noted.