Abstract Introduction Radiofrequency (RF) has emerged as a popular non-invasive treatment for periorbital wrinkles, offering skin tightening and rejuvenation through targeted thermal energy. Despite its growing use, variability in techniques, outcome measures, and treatment protocols has limited the ability to establish standardised guidelines. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and patient satisfaction associated with RF treatment for periorbital wrinkles. Methods A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, screening 250 records and including 32 studies. Data were synthesised to analyse the application of RF techniques, scales, anatomical changes, patient satisfaction, and complications. Results Of the 32 included studies, 12 employed microneedling-assisted RF for enhanced efficacy. The most commonly used outcome measures were the VISIA Wrinkle Score, the Lemperle Wrinkle Assessment Scale, and the Fitzpatrick Wrinkles Classification System. Anatomical changes observed included improved skin elasticity, increased collagen density, and dermal thickness. Patient satisfaction was consistently high across studies, with subjective reports of improved skin texture and wrinkle reduction. Complications were generally mild and transient, including erythema, oedema, and temporary dyschromia. A clear dose-dependent relationship for RF treatment efficacy was not established, and there was no consensus or protocol on the optimal treatment parameters, such as energy settings, session frequency, or combination modalities. Conclusion Radiofrequency is an effective and safe modality for the treatment of periorbital wrinkles, with high patient satisfaction and minimal complications. However, the lack of standardised protocols and unclear dose-dependent relationships highlight the need for future studies to establish evidence-based guidelines to optimise treatment outcomes.
Wong et al. (Fri,) studied this question.