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September 10, 2025Open Access

Additions to Acrocalymmaceae and Didymosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes): Some interesting novel additions from plant litter in China

Key Points

This research uncovers two new species, Acrocalymma poaceicola and Neptunomyces chinensis, from plant litter samples.
Phylogenetic analysis using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference confirms the classification of these fungi within identified families.
Five new host records associated with these fungi were also documented, enhancing understanding of their ecological relationships.
Comprehensive morphological descriptions, micrographs, and phylogenetic analysis results were provided to support the findings.

Abstract

During a survey of fungal diversity of plant litter in China, numerous isolates with affinity to Pleosporales (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) were recovered. Morphology, coupled with phylogenetic analyses using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference on combined LSU, SSU, ITS, tub 2, and tef 1-α sequence data, revealed that these isolates belong to the families Acrocalymmaceae and Didymosphaeriaceae, and are introduced as Acrocalymma poaceicola sp. nov. and Neptunomyces chinensis sp. nov. In addition, five new host records, A. ampeli , Neokalmusia arundinis , Paraconiothyrium archidendri , Pseudopithomyces chartarum , and Spegazzinia deightonii are reported from litter of Livistona chinensis , Sporobolus alterniflorus , Citrus maxima , Hedychium coronarium , and Arundo pliniana , respectively. All the new species and host records were compared with phylogenetically and morphologically closely related species, and detailed descriptions, micrographs, and phylogenetic analysis results are provided.

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