Public Perception about the Causes of Divorce among Working Women: A Study of District Jhang, Punjab

Divorce is a growing social issue that affects families and communities worldwide, including Pakistan. In recent years, the divorce rate in Pakistan has increased noticeably, which both alarming and shows changes are happening in society. Various factors, including economic pressures and changing cultural standards, contribute to this phenomenon. In recent years, the participation rate of working women has increased. Divorce rates among working women in Pakistan have garnered significant attention due to the intersection of evolving gender roles and traditional societal expectations. This study examined public perceptions regarding the causes of divorce among working women, focusing on social, economic and cultural factors that influence marital dynamics in a patriarchal society. A multistage sampling technique was used for data collection purpose. At first stage, one tehsil (Tehsil Jhang) was selected randomly from the five tehsils of District Jhang. At second stage, 2 Union Councils (UC-37 & UC-42) were randomly selected from the selected tehsil. Four localities/colonies (two from each UC) were selected in the third stage. Finally, at fourth stage, the sample of 140 respondents was selected randomly (35 from each locality/colony). Data were collected using an interview schedule and analyzed by using both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. It was found that the most significant factors were “lack of family support and understanding” (2.75±0.22), “domestic violence” (2.70±0.20), “economic independence of women” (2.67±0.21) and “excessive work commitments (2.66±0.21) which reflecting the challenges of balancing professional and personal lives. Other notable factors include “too much conflict” (2.62±0.20), “societal pressure and traditional gender roles” (2.59±0.26) and “income inequality between partners” (2.54±0.15). Family communication and emotional support help working women balance work and home life, reducing stress and marital conflicts.