Clinical Evaluation of Cardiac Failure in Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients

A BSTRACT Aim: To assess the complications of myocardial infarction (MI) and evaluate the precautionary and preventive measures in patients developing cardiac failure post-MI. Materials and Methods: This 12-month prospective observational research at a tertiary care facility included 65 post-MI patients. A thorough clinical evaluation, Electrocardiogram (ECG), and two-dimensional echocardiogram (2D ECHO) were performed on patients. Study variables included functional cardiac anomalies, chamber enlargement, Regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA), New York heart association (NYHA) classification, and comorbidities. Results: In 59% of 2D ECHO patients, segmental dysfunction was the most frequent functional abnormality. The main chamber findings were left ventricular hypertrophy (32%) and left atrial enlargement (29%). Clinically, 78% had paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)/orthopnea and 67% were NYHA Class III or IV. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (72%) and diabetes (60%). Conclusion: Segmental myocardial dysfunction, structural chamber anomalies, and particular ECG patterns substantially predict post-MI cardiac failure. This high-risk group needs early echocardiography, strong risk factor control, and timely heart failure treatment to decrease progression and enhance outcomes.