ABSTRACT Access to clean drinking water is a fundamental requirement for the growth and sustainability of living beings. In the present era, rapid industrial development and urbanization have caused substantial water pollution and limited the availability of clean water worldwide. Therefore, the treatment of water and wastewater is essential for protecting the environment and ensuring sustainability. Membrane technology offers a highly selective and efficient treatment process for water and wastewater. However, some problems like fouling in the membrane often limit its practical utility. The use of nanoparticles during membrane fabrication is an effective way in alleviating this fouling issue. MXenes are such novel 2-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, which have been extensively used in membrane fabrication due to their exceptional separative behaviour, and are beneficial in membrane-based water treatment. However, an in-depth analysis of the real applicability, environmental viability, and long-term applicability of MXenes-based membranes has not been explored much. In this review article, the applicability of MXenes is examined by discussing their physicochemical behaviour, environmental viability, scalability, and operational durability. By summarizing the existing developments and future directions, this review article highlights the significant role of MXenes in advancing sustainable water and wastewater treatment technologies.
Bhuyan et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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