This study examines the impact of per capita RGDP, education, income inequality, and investment on Poverty in nine cities in East Java from 2019 to 2023 using the Fixed Effects Model (FEM) in EViews 13. The results show that higher per capita RGDP significantly reduces Poverty, while Domestic Investment is positively associated with Poverty, indicating its ineffectiveness in alleviating it. Education, income inequality, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) show no significant effects. The findings highlight the need for inclusive and sustainable Poverty reduction policies by local governments.
Uyun et al. (Sun,) studied this question.