Sustainability Practices of Businesses in India: A Study

This study examines business sustainability practices across sectors in India. Using data from research articles, company reports, government guidelines, and NGO studies, adoption patterns and challenges were analyzed. Different sectors have different approaches. IT/ITES emphasizes green leadership and technology, banking lags in sustainability reporting, and manufacturing integrates the circular economy with Industry 4.0. The textile and FMCG sectors implement sustainable supply chain management based on regulations and market demands. The alignment of CSR with sustainability increased after the mandatory spending requirement of the Companies Act of 2013. Key challenges include concept understanding, CSR evaluation reluctance, resource constraints, complex regulations, high costs, and a lack of standard metrics. Success factors include leadership commitment, stakeholder pressure, government incentives, circular economic practices, and green HR management. Government policies and the SDG alignment influence sustainability practices. This study recommends standardized reporting, business strategy integration, and improved stakeholder collaboration to advance sustainable practices in India.