In modern agriculture, it is crucial to achieve accurate seed placement while reducing manual labor to enhance both productivity and sustainability. This initiative introduces the Ridge Maker Cum Seed Sower, an affordable and energy-efficient device designed specifically for small to medium-sized farming enterprises. This innovative machine merges two essential agricultural tasks, creating furrows and sowing seeds into a single cohesive unit. The system operates using a 12V DC motor (60 RPM) and is equipped with a solar panel for battery charging, thereby promoting sustainability through the use of renewable energy sources. A chain drive mechanism links the ground wheel directly to the seed dispensing system, ensuring that seed release is perfectly timed with the distance travelled. This design guarantees uniform seed spacing of 8 cm, irrespective of variations in speed. Additionally, the machine is equipped with a furrow opener positioned either in front of or beneath the seed dropping mechanism, allowing it to form planting rows as it advances. The implementation of mechanical transmission through a chain drive enhances reliability while simplifying the electronic control systems. By combining solar energy with mechanical accuracy, this project presents a sustainable and effective approach to precision farming. It minimises seed loss, decreases labor needs, and lessens reliance on fossil fuels, thereby fostering eco-friendly agricultural methods. Future enhancements may include automation through microcontrollers and the ability to adjust seed spacing for compatibility with various crops.
Dharmaraj et al. (Mon,) studied this question.