Ukraineʼs dairy industry, being in a state of crisis, has faced an aggravation of existing problems due to the full-scale invasion of the russian federation. One of the most substantial factors negatively affecting milk production volumes is the constant reduction in the number of cows, which was especially accelerated due to the entry into force of legislative requirements for the safety and quality of dairy products in 2019. Even though the established norms were supposed to harmonize Ukrainian production standards with European ones, most of the raw milk still does not meet the criteria of extra-quality, remaining unsuitable for export to EU markets. Given the partial lack of statistical data from 2010 to 2023, the research aim is to analyze and forecast resource and technological indicators, as well as behavioral and technological characteristics of households, which affect the increase in milk production volumes and high-quality milk. A hypothesis concerning a statistically significant relationship between the indicators that determine the conditions of dairy industry and the number of cows has been put forward. To test it, linear regression models were constructed. In addition, time series analysis methods (Holt, Brown, ARIMA models) were used to obtain forecast values. Based on the confirmed relationships, the reduction in the number of livestock leads to a decline in the feed base and material and technical equipment, the pace of modernization of which is insufficient to meet the needs of the growing herd without losing its productivity. In particular, milking installations and machines cannot fully service the number of cows at the enterprises, which will expand by 1 thousand heads. In contrast, the number of milk purifier-coolers grew due to the enterprisesʼ need to meet quality and safety requirements. Households are characterized by technological degradation: according to the forecast, only 1 in 10 households will have a milk separator in 2023. In addition, they will most likely need to make savings for 2–3 years to purchase a separator and a milk quality analyzer. The results obtained can be used to forecast the development of the dairy industry and design a state agricultural policy with a justified priority of state support measures
Yurii Hurtovyi (Tue,) studied this question.
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