We construct classes of graphs that are variants of the so-called layered wheel . One of their key properties is that while the treewidth is bounded by a function of the clique number, the construction can be adjusted to make the dependence grow arbitrarily. Some of these classes provide counter-examples to several conjectures. In particular, the construction includes hereditary classes of graphs whose treewidth is bounded by a function of the clique number while the tree-independence number is unbounded, thus disproving a conjecture of Dallard, Milanič and Štorgel Treewidth versus clique number. II. Tree-independence number. Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series B , 164:404–442, 2024. The construction can be further adjusted to provide, for any fixed integer c, graphs of arbitrarily large treewidth that contain no K c -free graphs of high treewidth, thus disproving a conjecture of Hajebi Chordal graphs, even-hole-free graphs and sparse obstructions to bounded treewidth, arXiv:2401.01299, 2024.
Chudnovsky et al. (Tue,) studied this question.