Sodium-ion batteries show great potential for large-scale applications due to abundant sodium resources and low cost. The performance of cathode materials is crucial for determining the energy density and cycling stability of these systems. This paper reviews three representative cathode materials, discussing their structural features and electrochemical behavior, with a comparative analysis of capacity, rate performance, and cycling life. The comparison reveals that while each material demonstrates specific advantages in storage mechanism, structural stability, and cost, challenges such as capacity fading and limited rate capability remain. Finally, research progress is summarized, and future directions including structural optimization, interface engineering, and cost reduction are outlined to guide the development of advanced sodium-ion cathodes.
Lei Bi (Wed,) studied this question.