Abstract Lipoprotein subfraction research has emerged as a promising approach for risk stratification, warranting investigation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and lipid-lowering therapy. This cross-sectional, case-control study aimed to characterize lipoprotein particle profiles, including small dense LDL (sdLDL) and lipoprotein(a) Lp(a), in individuals with T2DM and CVD compared with healthy controls, and to evaluate their associations with clinical risk factors. Fasting plasma samples from 118 participants were analyzed: T2DM (n = 52), CVD (n = 14), and healthy controls (n = 52). Lipoprotein levels and subclasses were quantified using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy with Bruker’s In-Vitro Diagnostic research (IVDr) Lipoprotein Subclass Analysis (B.I.LISA). Participants had a mean age of 46.9 ± 9.0 years, and 79% were female. Compared with controls, individuals with T2DM had significantly higher Lp(a) (p = 0.012), triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, and apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) (p p < 0.001). In conclusions, Lp(a) and sdLDL contribute to CVD risk in T2DM, with partial response to statin therapy.
Suta et al. (Tue,) studied this question.