Hybrid yarn structures as a promising approach for thermoplastic biocomposites

The field of composite materials is rapidly expanding due to advancements in materials and manufacturing, driven by environmental concerns for reduced weight, increased energy efficiency, and recyclability. While thermoset composites are crucial, thermoplastics are gaining popularity for their sustainability and manufacturing advantages. They offer quicker processing, easier production, and recyclability, aligning with sustainability goals. While carbon, glass, and aramid fibers remain dominant, natural fibers like flax and hemp offer high performance and affordability with lower environmental impact. Natural-based yarns are finding applications in automotive, construction, consumer goods, and sports equipment. Hybrid yarns, blending natural and polymeric fibers, promote ecological solutions. This review outlines the benefits of natural-based hybrid yarns in thermoplastic composites, exploring production methods and current developments in the field.