The Time Series Classification of Discrete-Time Chaotic Systems Using Deep Learning Approaches

Discrete-time chaotic systems exhibit nonlinear and unpredictable dynamic behavior, making them very difficult to classify. They have dynamic properties such as the stability of equilibrium points, symmetric behaviors, and a transition to chaos. This study aims to classify the time series images of discrete-time chaotic systems by integrating deep learning methods and classification algorithms. The most important innovation of this study is the use of a unique dataset created using the time series of discrete-time chaotic systems. In this context, a large and unique dataset representing various dynamic behaviors was created for nine discrete-time chaotic systems using different initial conditions, control parameters, and iteration numbers. The dataset was based on existing chaotic system solutions in the literature, but the classification of the images representing the different dynamic structures of these systems was much more complex than ordinary image datasets due to their nonlinear and unpredictable nature. Although there are studies in the literature on the classification of continuous-time chaotic systems, no studies have been found on the classification of discrete-time chaotic systems. The obtained time series images were classified with deep learning models such as DenseNet121, VGG16, VGG19, InceptionV3, MobileNetV2, and Xception. In addition, these models were integrated with classification algorithms such as XGBOOST, k-NN, SVM, and RF, providing a methodological innovation. As the best result, a 95.76% accuracy rate was obtained with the DenseNet121 model and XGBOOST algorithm. This study takes the use of deep learning methods with the graphical representations of chaotic time series to an advanced level and provides a powerful tool for the classification of these systems. In this respect, classifying the dynamic structures of chaotic systems offers an important innovation in adapting deep learning models to complex datasets. The findings are thought to provide new perspectives for future research and further advance deep learning and chaotic system studies.