An Approach to Maritime Cyber Security Risks: Nature and Countermeasures

Abstract Maritime cyber risks, due to digitalisation, automation and operational integration in the maritime sector, have emerged as a new threat to maritime security. The rapid increase in maritime cyberattacks, with far-reaching consequences, requires the maritime sector and international community to address cyber security threats. In a global world, the consequences of a cyberattack affecting the transportation system of a country or a single terminal can quickly cascade across, and disrupt, the entire global supply chain. Thus, like piracy, maritime cyber security should be approached from a global governance perspective.