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Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics directs the handling of narcotics abuse in rehabilitation, not just criminal punishment, by regulating compulsory rehabilitation for perpetrators involved in legal proceedings and voluntary for those who surrender. Offenders applying for rehabilitation must obtain a determination from the receiving institution after a medical and social assessment. This policy reflects a change in the approach from punishment to rehabilitation, in accordance with the recommendations of the 1972 International Convention amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs 1960. Medical and social rehabilitation aims to help drug addicts function again in society and minimize the negative impact of drug abuse. This study uses a qualitative approach with thematic analysis, grounded theory, content analysis, and narrative analysis to understand the effectiveness and challenges of narcotics rehabilitation policies. In conclusion, the rehabilitative approach in this law shows progress in humane treatment of narcotics abuse, supporting the social reintegration of individuals. Suggestions to improve the effectiveness of rehabilitation include increasing the availability of rehabilitation facilities, strengthening social support, and increasing public awareness of rehabilitation over criminal punishment, with regular evaluation of rehabilitation programs to ensure the achievement of rehabilitation goals.
Wata et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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