Influence of the Flipped Classroom Learning Model on Students' Understanding of Mathematics Subjects for Grade IV Students in Elementary Schools

This study examines the impact of the flipped classroom model on student understanding in mathematics, particularly addressing the challenge of concept comprehension in Grade IV students at SDN Dukuh Tengah Sidoarjo. Traditionally, face-to-face learning (PTM) has been used, but it often fails to engage students critically in problem-solving. The flipped classroom model, which inverts traditional teaching methods, has been introduced to enhance learning and make the process more engaging. Results indicate a positive effect of the flipped classroom on students' understanding, supported by valid and reliable instrument tests and significant findings in hypothesis testing.