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The Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction Reaction (ECO 2 RR) is an attractive method to produce CO 2 -based chemicals. Formate is an ideal target compound due to its high atom efficiency, low electrical demand, and potential as a building block for carbon-negative products. In recent years, low temperature ECO 2 RR electrocatalyst research has developed rapidly, reporting impressive efficiencies (>90 % FE) at industrial relevant current densities (>200 mA/cm 2 ). While these are essential metrics, there is less focus on the commercialization of these systems, such as electrode stability and process scalability. For industrial feasibility, ECO 2 RR electrolyzers must be >1 meter high, stable for 5 years, and operate under elevated temperatures and fluctuating pressures. This presents challenges to typical gas diffusion electrodes used in ECO 2 RR, which rely on a fine pressure gradients for efficient gas transport to the catalyst layer. Furthermore, high product concentrations and high CO 2 utilization are essential for achieving an overall, energy efficient process. At Avantium’s Volta group, we industrialize ECO 2 RR processes. This presentation will demonstrate the scaling potential of these processes with examples from our pre-pilot units. Overall, we believe that ECO 2 RR will be a key technology to de-fossilize the chemical industry and valorize CO 2 as the feedstock of the future. Figure 1
Rawls et al. (Fri,) studied this question.