Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
HIV has transitioned from a progressive fatal disease to a chronic condition with an increased risk for comorbid conditions including cardiovascular diseases. Despite viral suppression with effective antiretroviral therapy, people living with HIV have a high rate of myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, pulmonary hypertension, cardiomyopathy, and other cardiovascular disease manifestations when compared to those without HIV. The elevated risk can be explained by chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation in HIV. Understanding the risk factors and pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases can help to formulate strategies for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular conditions in people living with HIV. We summarize the epidemiology, risk factors, demographic characteristics, pathophysiology, and immunological alterations associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with HIV.In addition, we present the approach to prevention, identification, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in people with HIV and the possible challenges in management strategies.
Chitimilla et al. (Fri,) studied this question.