Clinical and Epidemiological Profile of Mycetoma Foot: Observations from Eastern India

Background and Study Aim: Mycetoma, also known as Madura foot, is a chronic, progressive, granulomatous infection that affects the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and bone. It is typically caused by fungal or bacterial pathogens and is characterized by the formation of nodules, sinuses, and draining abscesses. Treatment of mycetoma often involves a combination of antifungal or antibacterial medications, surgical debridement of affected tissues, and long-term follow-up to prevent recurrence.The present study explored the cases of mycetoma foot in a tertiary care set-up in eastern India. Patients and Methods: The study included diagnosed cases of mycetoma foot which were treated in the facility. Epidemiological data and detailed clinical data were noted in all cases. The discharging materials: purulent exudates with grains (granules) were sent for staining and culture to the microbiology department and microbiological data were noted. All patients were commenced on treatment as per the standard protocol. Results: Our study noted 10 cases of mycetoma. The mean age of presentation was 38.4 years with male preponderance. Most of the cases affected right foot. On microbiological examination, gram-positive narrow filamentous branching bacilli were seen. Surgical debridement was necessitated in all cases except one, and bone debridement was needed in three cases. Conclusion: Delayed diagnosis or inadequate treatment can lead to severe deformities, disabilities, and even limb loss. Mycetoma foot requires multidisciplinary management involving dermatologists, infectious disease specialists, orthopaedic surgeons, and microbiologists for optimal outcomes.