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Introduction: Dengue is an acute febrile and infectious disease, which can manifest itself in a benign or severe form. It is caused by an arbovirus and is transmitted by Aedes aegypti. There are four serotypes: DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 and DENV4. The main symptoms are high fever, myalgia, retro-orbital pain, headache and rash. Dengue is a challenge for public health and an epidemic, even in Paraná. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of documented probable cases of dengue fever in the state of Paraná, from January to December 2023 and January to April 2024. Methodology: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative epidemiological study based on secondary data obtained from the Ministry of Health's Unified Health System Information Technology Department (DATASUS/MS). Results and Discussion: In the epidemiological year 2023, 211,022 probable cases of dengue were reported in Paraná. In 2024 (up to April this year), there were 421,455 cases, an increase of 99.72%. It can be inferred that the number of cases has practically doubled, with only 1/3 of the epidemiological year 2024 having elapsed. In 2023, 6,285 cases required hospitalization and in 2024, 14,192. Although the proportional increase was not significant (2023: 2.97%; 2024: 3.36%), more beds were needed, as there was an increase of almost 126%. In both 2023 and 2024, the northern macro-region was home to the majority of cases. However, the macro-region with the highest proportional increase was the northwest (2023: 15.05%; 2024: 21.19%). In 2023, 75.35% of cases progressed to cure and 0.06% to death. In 2024, 65.72% were cured and 0.05% died. It is therefore important to continuously monitor treatment and the quality of patient care. Conclusion: The need for constant monitoring of cases and prevention measures is emphasized, given that those affected by the arbovirus are steadily increasing compared to the previous year.
Altoé et al. (Fri,) studied this question.