Formulation of liquid biodetergen from combination of starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi) and Lauril-DEA surfactant with the addition of protease

The use of detergents in Indonesia continues to increase significantly, in line with the increase in Indonesia's population and rapid industrial development. Detergents that contain active ingredients such as branched alkylbenzene sulfonates (BAS) or linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) surfactants, which are derived from petroleum, can hurt the environment and living creatures because they can pollute the environment. This observation aims to create a bio-detergent formulation with protease enzyme additives, combining the green surfactant Lauril-DEA and saponin biosurfactant from starfruit extract (Averrhoa bilimbi). Biodetergent is formulated with 12 variations in the concentration of saponin extract (ratio of saponin extract and distilled water 35%:40%, 30%:45, 25%:50%, 20%:55%) and enzyme (3%, 4%, and 5%). Biodetergent analysis is carried out by testing pH, density, and detergency power to see the conformity of the product with Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Analysis of waste contamination from biodetergent products (pH of waste, levels of COD, BOD, and TSS of waste) was observed to determine the impact of the product on the environment. The biodetergent product produced from this research has a pH of 10-12 and a density of 1.031-1.07 G/mL. All observations have complied with SNI 06-476-1996 concerning liquid washing detergents. The detergency power was 30.3-63.8 NTU, with the best detergency power obtained in the third observation. The best experimental biodetergent waste had a pH of 7, BOD 21.21 mG/L, COD 104.53 mg/mL, and TSS 30 mg/L. These characteristics meet the waste water quality standards for laundry industry businesses and activities and are as good as commercial detergents. Therefore, the biodetergent product produced in this research can be an alternative product that supports environmental sustainability.