Investigating Gut-Brain Interaction: Connection Between Gut Microbes and Neurological Health

The gut-brain axis, a bidirectional communication system between the gut and the brain, has garnered increasing attention in recent years for its role in influencing various aspects of health and disease. Central to this axis is the gut microbiome, a complex community of microorganisms inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract. This review explores the intricate interactions between gut bacteria and the brain, focusing on their impact on neurological and psychiatric disorders. Specifically, it delves into the involvement of gut bacteria in conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), cerebrovascular diseases, stress, depression, and migraine. Furthermore, it discusses the methods used to assess gut bacteria and the potential therapeutic interventions targeting the microbiome-brain axis.