Northern Expedition Record of Korean Translator Kim Jinam and Boundary Definition of Mukden

In the 51st year of the Kangxi reign (1712), the Korean translator Kim Jinam followed Mukden (Chinese: Mukedeng), the chief officer of Wula (today’s Jilin Province) of the Qing Dynasty, to investigate the boundary between the Qing Dynasty and Korea, and left a diary “Northern Expedition Record” that recorded the whole process, which is an important material for studying the boundary definition of Mukden. Due to his old age, Kim Jinam himself could not climb Changbai Mountain to personally experience the process of checking the river source and erecting a monument to delimit boundary, but he recorded the content of the quick report and official press of the Korean witnesses. Due to this record is not his personal experience, the content is inevitably vague, and the place name information is simple, so there are certain limitations to judge the source of Tumen River and the demarcated river determined by Mukden only referring to the “Northern Expedition Record”. And it is necessary to refer to other literature, especially the map data of both sides, to understand the whole picture and distinguish that the “upstream of Dahongdan River” determined by Mukden actually means to the Hongtu River, but not the Hongdan River today.