Adaptation, Mitigation and Resilience: Learning from the Coastal and Surrounding Communities Forest

Abstract Climate change can affect seasonal patterns in a region and result in extreme weather conditions, thereby significantly impacting the lives of communities, especially those heavily dependent on the surrounding ecosystems such as fishermen and forest-dwelling farmers. They must continually adapt to the seasonal patterns and extreme weather to ensure their survival. This article discusses the impacts of seasonal changes, adaptation strategies, and community vulnerability, particularly among those residing in coastal areas and near forests. The method employed involves evaluating several research findings and reviews summarized in a discussion. The study’s findings indicate that climate change prompts communities to take reactive and anticipatory actions. Coastal communities, especially fishermen, adapt to seasonal changes by adjusting fishing schedules and modifying fishing equipment, improving embankments, tertiary water channels, culverts for water gate enhancements, and planting mangroves on embankments to reinforce them and along the coast to protect their fishponds. Communities reliant on forests adapt to seasonal changes by adjusting planting times and crop varieties to align with local seasonal characteristics. This adaptive ability ensures their access to food supplies and resilience against climate change. The implications of adaptation to seasonal changes can change the lifestyle of coastal communities and those around forests.