The Development of Ecological and Ethnographic Tourism in Kazakhstan as One of the Directions of Cultural and Educational Tourism

The value of modern society lies in the careful preservation and rational use of objects of material and spiritual culture of humanity in order to popularize tolerant thinking and promote traditional values among the international community. The basis for the development of modern tourism in the Republic of Kazakhstan should be the concept of promoting a national tourism brand based on its historical past, cultural development, natural diversity, objects of material and spiritual culture with an appropriate approach to the species diversity of tourist offers. This requires the implementation of an integrated approach, in which several types of tourism will be consolidated in order to effectively achieve the objectives set. The purpose of the article is to propose the introduction of ways to develop ecological and ethnographic tourism as effective tools for preserving the natural, historical, and cultural heritage of the country, which form a new direction of tourism, in particular “Ecological and ethnographic tourism".