Generalisation of the Modern Typology and Experience of Forming Rehabilitation Centres for the Elderly

In the modern world, society faces various challenges and accomplishments. These include wars, natural disasters, virus pandemics, environmental issues, as well as economic and political crises. One prominent issue among these is the increasing population of elderly individuals. This concern is especially critical in China due to historical state-initiated birth control measures, but it is also becoming more prevalent in other nations. In order to ensure the well-being of elderly individuals, it is essential to have specialized social protection institutions such as medical or rehabilitation centers. Regrettably, there is a lack of these institutions, and government programs and regulations are not always effective in addressing this issue. Despite the existence of prior experience in designing and establishing such centers, the challenge of insufficient facilities for elderly care persists. In Ukraine, state building codes play a crucial role in regulating various aspects of construction and infrastructure development. One notable example is the DBN A.2.2-18:2007 "Institutions of social protection of the population", which outlines guidelines pertaining to the placement of buildings, land plots, space-planning solutions, fire safety measures, and engineering equipment for facilities such as residential care homes for the elderly, geriatric boarding houses, psycho-neurological boarding houses, and territorial centers of social services. To ensure comprehensive development and compliance with the standards set forth by the DBN A.2.2-18:2007, it operates in conjunction with other pertinent regulations such as DBN B.2.2- 12:2019 "Planning and Development of Territories", DBN B 2.2-9:2018 "Public Buildings and Structures. Main provisions", DBN B 2.2-10:2022 "Healthcare facilities. Basic Provisions", and DBN B 2.2-40:2018 "Inclusiveness of Buildings and Structures. Main provisions". This collective framework of building codes and regulations underscores the importance of adhering to rigorous standards in the construction and management of social welfare institutions in Ukraine. The development of the material and technical base for providing social protection to the unproductive population plays a crucial role in ensuring appropriate care. This includes the establishment of institutions that deliver medical, cultural, and household services primarily tailored to meet the needs of the elderly. Research into both domestic and international practices has revealed distinct categories of institutions: - Social institutions, hospitals, and clubs offering daytime activities for the elderly; - Service amenities integrated into specialized living arrangements such as senior apartment buildings, boarding houses, and geriatric hospitals.