The influence of training and the need for achievement on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and optimism of small and medium micro enterprises

This study investigates the impact of training and the need for achievement on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and optimism among micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Utilizing a quantitative survey approach, data were collected through questionnaires from 100 MSMEs in the Bogor area who had received training from P2SDM LMPM IPB. Statistical analysis included instrument data testing, classical assumption testing, coefficient of determination (KD), partial hypothesis testing (t-test), and simultaneous hypothesis testing (F-test). Findings reveal significant influences: training positively affects entrepreneurial self-efficacy; the need for achievement positively influences entrepreneurial self-efficacy; entrepreneurial self-efficacy positively affects optimism. However, no significant effects were found between training and optimism, nor between the need for achievement and optimism. Additionally, indirect effects were observed: training affects optimism through entrepreneurial self-efficacy, as does the need for achievement. These results underscore the importance of training and the need for achievement in fostering entrepreneurial self-efficacy, impacting optimism among MSMEs.