3D woven tubular composites with bamboo‐structures for enhanced energy absorption: Designing, manufacturing and performance analysis

Abstract 3D woven tubular composites (3D‐WTC), known for their lightweight and high‐strength characteristics, are widely used in various energy‐absorbing components. To enhance the energy absorption capacity of 3D‐WTC, this study conducted a mechanical analysis of bamboo tube structures and proposed concentric circular nested biomimetic structures with “single tube + double ribs” and “double tubes + double ribs.” 3D woven tubular composites with bamboo‐structures (3DWTC‐Bamboo) were fabricated using the vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process. Axial compression tests were conducted using a universal testing machine to reveal and discuss the energy absorption capacity and failure modes of 3DWTC‐Bamboo. The results showed that 3DWTC‐Bamboo with a “double tube + double ribs” concentric circular nested biomimetic structures performed exceptionally, with a peak load of 28.93KN and specific energy absorption of 7.74 J·g −1 . The failure mode was a hybrid of “rib folding + tube wall buckling.” Finally, finite element analysis of the stress distribution during the compression of 3DWTC‐Bamboo was conducted using ABAQUS, which validated the experimental results. In summary, this work provides a reference for structural innovation in 3D‐WTC and further expands its application in the field of energy absorption. Highlights Propose “single tube + double ribs” and “double tubes + double ribs” structures. Introducing the “rib” structures to enhance the local strength/stiffness. Test results show that 3DWTC‐Bamboo has great potential in energy absorption. The “ribs” can increase the local strength/stiffness of the tube structures.