Phase-engineered photon correlations in weakly coupled nanofiber cavity QED

A recent experiment H. S. Han et al. , Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 073604 (2021) ; see also accompanying online supplemental material shows that when a three-level V-type atom with two closely lying upper states interacts with the same vacuum radiation field, its excited states enable vacuum-induced coupling (VIC) owing to the quantum interference between the spontaneous emission pathways. Here, we propose a feasible scheme for phase-engineered photon correlations in the presence of the VIC in an optical nanofiber (ONF) cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) system. Specifically, we show that a phase-dependent strong photon antibunching with high brightness can be generated in the weak-coupling regime of light-atom interactions. This occurs because of the VIC, leading to both the destructive quantum interference between the different pathways for two-photon excitation and the total closed-loop coupling phase. Different types of purely quantum correlations, such as single- and two-photon blockades, can occur by properly tuning the total closed-loop coupling phase adhering on the VIC, and the switch from photon blockade to photon induced tunneling is revealed as well. On the other hand, the strong photon antibunching can be achieved in a broad driving frequency range, which relaxes the requirement for the driving frequency in the ONF cavity QED system. In addition, we compare the analytical and numerical results of the second- and third-order intensity correlation functions, and they are in good agreement. The present study may provide an alternative route to manipulate the few-photon states and have potential applications in single-photon sources and quantum communications.