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Attempts to restore continuity of the dentition date back to ancient times, as evidenced by the numerous archaeological and written records found throughout the world. They served as material evidence of the existence of implantology in ancient civilizations and helped to restore the chronology of its development. For example, in about 2500 BC the Egyptians tried to strengthen teeth with diseased periodontium with gold ligature wire, and in 2000 BC in ancient China lost teeth were replaced with bamboo pegs. In different time intervals, different materials were used to make artificial teeth: sea shells, rose quartz, animal teeth and bones, porcelain, etc., teeth were tried to be replanted, transplanted from living and dead people. High percentage of postoperative infection, limited knowledge, religious prohibitions, skepticism of scientific elites acted as inhibiting factors at different stages of formation of implantology as an important field of dentistry. This article is devoted to the development of dental implantology and to the doctors and scientists who played a key role in the formation and development of this field of dentistry.
Казарян et al. (Mon,) studied this question.