A study on place names in 『Ungoksisa』: Focused on the destinations in northern Gangwon

Ungok traveled a lot, publicly or privately, and many place names of the time appear in the poems he wrote at that time. In the case of Ungok, there are no official records, so we must reconstruct his life and worldview in reverse through the original products he left behind. In order to understand his travels and worldview, it is necessary to first understand his travel itinerary, route, and purpose of the trip, and for this purpose, it is essential to examine the place names that appear in the poems. In this paper, we attempted to research the current location of place names that appear in 『Ungoksisa』 that have remained unresolved until now. Since the range of destinations and place names appearing in 『Ungoksisa』 is so wide, this study focused on place names that appeared during his first to third trips to northern Gangwon. In this paper, in order to research the old place names of the time and modern place names, we beyond the mere comparison of place names and considered travel routes, the transportation networks of the time, and the changing process of place names over time. This is because, until now, there have been many cases where the path has been misaligned as it has been limited to a simple comparison of place names and has been verified as a place name from a completely different place. Therefore, in this study, we attempted to faithfully reveal Ungok's travel route by tracing the distance and route traveled during the trip, examining place names along the route, and confirming the current location. Since Ungok mainly traveled on horseback, he followed the horse station and stayed mainly at Gaeksa or Yeogwon. In the case of Ungok, the daily distance inferred from the work was 60 to 70 ri(里) on average, and sometimes 120 to 130 ri(里). In this study, the current location was estimated or confirmed by comparing the old place name with the current place name in the average daily travel distance and the itinerary along the station route. To track the journey, 「Daedongyeojido」 was used as basic data, the cadastral map of 1930 was used as auxiliary data. And geography used 『Donggugyeojiseungnam』 as a basic data. Place names newly revealed or discussed in detail in this paper are ‘Wonyangyeok’, ‘Woncheonyeok’, ‘Malheulchon’, ‘Hyangseong’, ‘Tongpohyeon’, ‘ Cheongyang’, and ‘Samuldong’. What is revealed here is that Ungok was already using place names confirmed during the Joseon dynasty, that he had arbitrary corrected it himself. In other words, it appears that place names were used interchangeably in the late Goryeo period and could be arbitrarily changed.