Abstract This paper provides an overview of contact-induced influences that Polish exerts on Polish Sign Language ( PJM ). It investigates strategies such as mouthing and fingerspelling as well as lexemes, including loan signs, initialized signs and signs originating from semantic translations of and phonetic analogy. Mouthing is the voiceless articulation of Polish words while signing, whereas fingerspelling uses a manual alphabet for transliterating words. Both strategies help disambiguate polysemy and express concepts lacking dedicated signs. Moreover, fingerspelled words can be reduced to loan signs. Initialized signs incorporate initial letters of Polish words through manual letter handshapes. Semantic translation involves borrowing a word’s meaning and expressing it with an equivalent sign. In contrast, phonetic analogues occur when a single sign represents two semantically unrelated concepts due to their phonetic similarity in Polish. This study is framed in the context of translanguaging and semiotic repertoires research, but also a broader field of linguistic multimodality.
Ewelina Prażmo (Mon,) studied this question.
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