Abstract Background: Dental caries is caused by plaque formation resulting from biofilm accumulation on tooth surfaces. The bacterium Streptococcus mutans plays a crucial role in biofilm formation. Allium sativum (garlic), known for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties, contains bioactive compounds such as allicin that may serve as effective antibacterial agents. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the biomolecular interaction between allicin and a key virulence-associated protein of S. mutans. Materials and Methods: For computational analysis, molecular docking was performed using AutoDock software to evaluate the binding affinity of allicin with a virulence factor of S. mutans. Based on binding free energy (ΔG) values, screening results were analyzed using the PyMOL virtual screening tool. Results: Molecular interaction analysis using LigPlot+ and PyMOL revealed that allicin exhibited an overall docking score of ΔG (−4. 03 kcal/mol) and an inhibition constant (Ki) of 5. 80 μM, indicating strong binding affinity for the target protein’s active site (Glucan-bdC/SurfaceAg-I/IIV). This compound formed two hydrogen bond interactions and engaged two catalytic residues of the enzyme, Asn814 and Lys811. Conclusion: The in silico docking results support the therapeutic potential of allicin as a natural antimicrobial agent targeting bacterial virulence and highlight garlic as a candidate for developing novel strategies in managing oral infections.
Bharkavi et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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