What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to explore how echo time (TE) and repetition time (TR) influence apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and diffusion-derived vessel density (DDVD) values in healthy liver and spleen.

January 23, 2026

The Impact of TE and TR on Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Diffusion-derived Vessel Density Quantification: Studies of Healthy Liver and Spleen.

Key Points

The aim is to explore how echo time (TE) and repetition time (TR) influence apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and diffusion-derived vessel density (DDVD) values in healthy liver and spleen.
Diffusion MRI conducted at 3.0 T with six volunteers through multiple sessions.
TE varied from 46 ms to 80 ms with fixed TR at 2000 ms; TR varied from 200 ms to 2000 ms with fixed TE at 46 ms.
ADC calculated using b-values of 0 and 600 s/mm²; DDVD derived from signal differences at low b-values with a reference image.
ADC increased by 23.9% for liver and 18.2% for spleen with increasing TE from 46 ms to 80 ms.
ADC decreased by 4.8% for liver and 14.6% for spleen with increasing TR from 200 ms to 2000 ms.
Longer TE was associated with an increased DDVDspleen/DDVDliver ratio, while changes in TR resulted in a biphasic change in DDVD values.

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of echo time (TE) and repetition time (TR) on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and diffusion-derived vessel density (DDVD) values. Spleen has longer T1 and T2 than the liver, and spleen has a T2 similar to most hepatocellular carcinomas.Liver and spleen diffusion MRI was conducted with six volunteers at 3.0 T with multiple sessions. When TE was changed with steps of TE=46 ms, 52 ms, 60 ms, 70 ms, and 80 ms, TR was fixed at 2000 ms. When TR was changed with steps of TR=200 ms, 300 ms, 500 ms, 1000 ms, and 2000 ms, TE was fixed at 46 ms. The b-values included 0, 1, 2, 10, and 600 s/mm². ADC was calculated with b=0 and b=600 s/mm² images. DDVD was the signal difference between on b=0 image and a very low b-value image (b=1, 2, 10 s/mm2). Thirty-five scans for each ADC data point and 23 scans for each DDVD data point were included.Following the increase in TE from 46ms to 80ms, the ADC value increased by 23.9% (median) for the liver and 18.2% (median) for the spleen, while the ADCspleen/ADCliver ratio was smaller when TE was longer. Following the increase in TR from 200ms to 2000 ms, the ADC value decreased by 4.8% (median) for the liver and 14.6% (median) for the spleen, while the ADCspleen/ADCliver ratio was smaller when TR was longer. Following the increase in TE from 46ms to 80ms, there was a decrease in the DDVD value. DDVDspleen/DDVDliver ratios were greater when TE was long. Following the increase in TR from 200ms to 2000ms, there was a biphasic change in the DDVD value. The DDVD values were highest when TR was 500ms, and DDVDspleen/DDVDliver ratios followed a mono-phasic decrease.TR and TE have very notable impact on the ADC and DDVD values of the liver and spleen. · An increase of TE and an increase of TR are both associated with a decreasing ADCspleen/ADCliver ratio.. · Longer TE is associated with an increased DDVDspleen/DDVDliver ratio.. · The lesion detectability and lesion-to-tissue contrast by ADC and DDVD maps may be amplified by optimizing TE and TR values.. · Xu FY, Wáng YXJ. The Impact of TE and TR on Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Diffusion-derived Vessel Density Quantification: Studies of Healthy Liver and Spleen. Rofo 2026; DOI 10.1055/a-2777-6695.

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The Impact of TE and TR on Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Diffusion-derived Vessel Density Quantification: Studies of Healthy Liver and Spleen.

Key Points

Abstract

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