ABSTRACT This study examines Japan's and South Korea's responses to Myanmar after the military coup in 2021. To this end, this study draws on normative theory and proposes a typology of democracy promotion considering the degree of interaction between an external democracy promoter and a partner country: control, conditionality, persuasion, and assistance. The case study argues that Japan and South Korea have coped with the military coup in Myanmar with persuasion and assistance instruments, while Western democracy promoters have imposed more coercive measures such as economic sanctions and political conditionality. That is, even though democracy promoters share the norm of democracy promotion, the way it is implemented is diverse depending on the democracy promoter. In the case of Myanmar, in addition, this study points out that the practical divergence of democracy promotion has the potential to complement each other's instruments and increase the possibility of democracy protection in the country.
Kim et al. (Thu,) studied this question.