The Low Energy Accelerator Development (LEAD) Facility is a part of the Accelerators Facilities Division (AFD) of the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The facility has three capabilities and runs a program specifically targeting new collaborations for user-driven research. The first and the oldest of the capabilities is the Ultrafast Diffraction (UED) Capability. The other two are radiation-shielded bunkers. At the UED the deployment of a new stable solid-state modulator and klystron is in progress. The beamline updates are now going into place for a NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory electron irradiator beamline for Single Event Effects (SEE) testing; and the capability for UED testing is being expanded. In both bunkers (153 and 77 sq. m) a range of cooling, air, electrical, and RF capabilities are presently being introduced. The first bunker will accommodate the Electron Cyclotron Resonance (eCRA) Demonstrator (a project together with Omega-P, R&D). The deployment is expected to start in the last quarter of 2025. The second bunker will accommodate the superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) photo-gun (a project by Euclid Techlabs, LLC) to be the electron beam source for an envisioned Ultrafast Electron Microscopy (UEM) Capability.
Shchelkunov et al. (Thu,) studied this question.