Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) induces immunosuppression, increasing susceptibility to opportunistic infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV). This study assessed CMV seroprevalence among 200 HIV-positive patients attending Sobi Specialist Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. HIV status was confirmed using rapid diagnostic tests, and CD4⁺ cell counts were measured via automated cyflow cytometry. CMV-specific IgM antibodies were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Participants were 29% male and 71% female, with the highest HIV prevalence observed in the 31–40-year age group (35%) and among married individuals (76%). Identified risk factors included heterosexual transmission (33.5%), blood transfusion (31.5%), injection drug use (25%), and congenital transmission (7.5%), and organ transplantation (2.5%). CD4⁺ counts were >350 cells/µL in 56.5% of patients, 100–350 cells/µL in 33.5%, and <100 cells/µL in 10%. Only 3 patients (1.5%) tested positive for CMV IgM antibodies, indicating a low prevalence of active CMV infection. These findings suggest that active CMV co-infection is uncommon in this cohort, underscoring the importance of continued surveillance to manage opportunistic infections among HIV-positive individuals
Yetunde Funmilayo Olatunji (Fri,) studied this question.