To alleviate expressway congestion caused by excessive private vehicle use, trip reservation has emerged as a proactive traffic management strategy. However, when too many vehicles are admitted within the same time window, the travel efficiency of reservation users deteriorates, compromising the strategy’s effectiveness. Conversely, admitting too few vehicles leads to underutilization of road resources and degrades the operational performance of adjacent roads. This study addresses this challenge by identifying the optimal reservation quota. A reservation‐based travel strategy is proposed for key corridors in urban road networks, comprising expressway segments and their parallel surface streets. The initial quota is determined through a dual‐threshold bottleneck breakdown analysis, which estimates the capacity of reservation segments under varying service levels. A bilevel programming model is subsequently developed to allocate traffic flow across the network based on the initial quota. Simulation results reveal that the reservation quota significantly affects the performance of the network. The optimal quota lies between 70% of the theoretical maximum capacity and the prebreakdown threshold, within which the key corridor network maintains moderate traffic conditions. Compared to the no‐reservation scenario, the average travel speed of reservation vehicles more than doubles (from 25.86 km/h to above 52.12 km/h), while the average travel delay is reduced by over 77% (from 774.77 s to below 179.01 s). The service level of reservation segments improves to Level C. Moreover, the strategy imposes minimal adverse effects on parallel surface streets, where average speeds decrease by less than 31% but remain above 22 km/h. These findings validate the effectiveness of the key corridors trip reservation system and confirm the optimal reservation quota range.
Yang et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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