Abstract Dental composites have evolved considerably since their introduction, becoming the cornerstone of modern restorative dentistry. This review traces the historical development of dental composites, from their first formulations to the advanced materials used today. We explore the composition of dental composites, focusing on the resin matrix, filler particles and coupling agents that contribute to their mechanical, aesthetic and functional properties. We also discuss the key properties of these materials, including their strength, wear resistance, polymerization mechanisms and handling characteristics, highlighting the critical factors that influence their clinical success. In addition, in silico modelling of dental composites has emerged as an essential approach to study and optimize these materials, complementing traditional in vitro and in vivo investigations by exploring mechanical, chemical and interfacial phenomena. Finally, we discuss the latest advances in dental composite technology, such as the development of bioactive composites, nanocomposites and materials with self‐healing and antibacterial properties. Three‐dimensional printing of dental composites represents a key technology for the fabrication of personalized restorations, offering high geometric precision, reduced material waste and promising mechanical performance. These innovations offer new opportunities to enhance the longevity and performance of dental restorations. This review presents an overview of dental composites, focusing on their evolution, current properties and ongoing advances aimed at enhancing clinical outcomes. © 2026 The Author(s). Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Latoui et al. (Sun,) studied this question.