We present a synthesis of the wide range of alternative types of hydrogen production technology that are under development that are compatible with net-zero CO 2 emissions, with a view to encouraging targeted research and innovation of these various platforms. Such a synthesis is needed because of the barriers to knowledge transfer that has arisen from the historically disparate nature of the discipline fields within which each class has emerged. The present synthesis is drawn from the third Hydrogen Production Technology, HyPT Forum (HyPT-3), hosted by the University of Adelaide, that engages international specialists to compare, contrast and assess each of these emerging platforms of hydrogen production technology. The review spans commercial electrolysis, emerging electrolysis, thermochemical, electro-chemical and photo-catalytic processes, together with those driven by renewable energy and/or by fossil resources as well as the emerging natural hydrogen, with the only constraint that they all avoid any direct production of CO 2 from fossil fuel sources. The review identifies the current status, progress and barriers, together with prospective opportunities to overcome the barriers of the various technology pathways.
Metha et al. (Tue,) studied this question.