Artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) are increasingly integrated into sports training, yet evidence on their effectiveness remains fragmented. This systematic review synthesized experimental studies published between 2012 and 2025 on AI, VR, and hybrid AI+VR interventions for athletes, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Six data-bases were searched, yielding 14 eligible studies. Results showed that VR interventions improved reaction time, decision-making, and balance, whereas AI programs enhanced learning efficiency and reduced errors. Hybrid approaches (n= 3) demonstrated the strongest sport-specific transfer effects, particularly in football and basketball. Regarding methodological quality, six studies presented a low risk of bias, five moderate, and three high. However, most interventions were short term with small samples, and heteroge-neity prevented meta-analysis. Overall, AI and VR hold considerable promise for en-hancing motor learning and perceptual–cognitive skills, but more rigorous randomized controlled trials with standardized outcomes are needed.
Ali Rıza Atici (Wed,) studied this question.