Abstract The authors of this paper have investigated the technological innovation that was developed under the reign of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj (1630-1680), as well as how he adapted his military strategies due to a lack of resources and an adverse geographic environment in the Deccan region. Through a combination of historical analysis and analytical methods, the authors were able to study naval design, fortification, weapons, and logistics. A combination of local craftsmen and European observation helped create a "military-industrial complex" specifically designed for 17th century India. The authors conclude that through smart engineering, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj was able to turn limited resources into strategic advantages.
Patil et al. (Sat,) studied this question.