Abstract: Global logistics networks are undergoing a profound transformation driven by technological convergence—the integration of digital, physical, and analytical technologies into unified operational ecosystems. Innovations in artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, cloud computing, robotics, big data analytics, and advanced telecommunications are no longer evolving independently; instead, they increasingly operate as interdependent systems reshaping how goods, information, and value move across borders. This convergence promises unprecedented efficiency, visibility, resilience, and sustainability in global supply chains. However, it also introduces systemic risks, including cybersecurity vulnerabilities, operational fragility, workforce disruption, regulatory complexity, and data governance challenges. From the review of related literature, the study reveal that technological convergence enables enhanced end-to-end visibility, predictive risk management, operational efficiency, sustainability improvements, and the emergence of platform-based business models. At the same time, the study highlights significant risks, including cybersecurity vulnerabilities, systemic and cascading failures, over-automation, workforce displacement, data governance challenges, and ethical concerns.
Umar-Ajijola* et al. (Sun,) studied this question.