All information processing — whether in a silicon CPU or a biological brain — rests on the same fundamental architecture: charged particles (electrons or ions) form patterns within a private physical substrate; translation mechanisms convert those private patterns into public signals (light, sound, symbols); and other systems receive those signals and rebuild internal representations from them. This paper grounds that claim in established empirical evidence from physics, neuroscience, information theory, and cognitive science. It argues that the translation boundary between inside and outside is not a philosophical curiosity but a measurable, quantifiable feature of all known information systems — with direct consequences for how we understand computation, consciousness, and communication.
Govind Reddy (Thu,) studied this question.