Engineering multi-layered yolk–shell CuO@Cu x Sn 1− x O 2 ( x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) heterojunction for photocatalytic H 2 generation from atmospheric moisture

Key Points

• This research aims to engineer a heterojunction for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen generation.
• Developed a multi-layered yolk–shell structure
• Investigated electronic modulation effects of Cu and Sn components
• Analyzed hydrogen production from atmospheric moisture
• Heterojunction significantly improves H2 production efficiency
• Demonstrated synergistic effects on electronic modulation
• Enhanced photocatalytic activity observed in the designed structure